Colchicum autumnale
meadow saffron
25 - 30 cm tall, autumn flowering corm, produces leaves in spring, with up to eight long tubed, wine glass shaped purple, pink or white flowers similar to a crocus. 3 - 5 strap shaped, semi erect, basal glossy leaves in spring.
A variety of other species of Colchicum are planted in gardens: they are very similar but have bigger flowers. Also poisonous. True crocuses look similar but produce flowers and leaves at the same time.
Garden plant, or as wild escape throughout NZ. Native to Europe. Prefers semi shaded areas.
Alkaloids colchicine and gloriosine which suppress cell division. All parts of the plant are toxic. Poisonings occur during vegetative growth and flowering.
Most reports in horses, cattle and sheep, but can effect all species, including people. Calves can be affected by drinking milk from poisoned cows.
Gastroenteritis, purging, straining. Gradual loss of muscular power.
Haemorrhagic gastroenteritis.
History
Arsenic poisoning, toxalbumins eg. castor oil plant.
Activated charcoal, stomach pumping, and symptomatic treatment, although may die from respiratory failure.
Grave
Connor, HE, The Poisonous plants in New Zealand, 2nd ed.,1977, Government Printer, Wellington.
